Vibrant capital blending tradition and modernity
Compared with other African capitals, this city is small, clean and calm. Windhoek has German colonial buildings, craft markets and cafes along Independence Avenue. Many solo travellers hire a car or join a small group to reach Sossusvlei and Etosha. Distances are long, so booking transport in advance helps.
Labyrinthine Medina, Living Moroccan Heritage
Set in northern Morocco near the Middle Atlas mountains, this city has a very large and maze like old medina. Guides are helpful on a first day because the lanes are confusing. Chouara Tannery and the Bou Inania Madrasa are well known sights. Agree on a price before hiring a guide.
Atlantic Breeze, Blue Medina, Bohemian Vibe
Compared with Marrakech, this windy Atlantic port is smaller, calmer and easier to walk alone. Its walled medina is a UNESCO World Heritage site with blue boats and fish stalls at the harbour. The beach is popular for kitesurfing and windsurfing because of steady winds. The Gnaoua music festival is usually held in June.
Vibrant Culture and Coastal Charm
On the Gulf of Guinea coast, this Ghanaian capital is a friendly English speaking base for solo travellers. Osu has cafes, hostels and restaurants within walking distance of each other. Independence Square and the Kwame Nkrumah Mausoleum tell the story of Ghana's independence in 1957. Taxis and ride apps are cheap and widely used.
Mountains, Beaches and a Vibrant Culture
Relaxed and outdoorsy, this coastal city sits below Table Mountain and has many social hostels. Hiking trails, beaches and penguins at Boulders Beach are close to the city. The MyCiTi bus and ride apps are reliable for getting around. Solo travellers should avoid walking alone at night and keep valuables out of sight.
Vibrant markets and historic waterfront charm
Teranga, the Wolof word for hospitality, is a proud Senegalese custom that visitors often notice. Solo travellers meet people easily at beach cafes and music clubs. Gorée Island is a short ferry ride away and has a museum about the slave trade. Taxis are cheap but fares should be agreed before the ride.
Islands of eternal summer
With ten islands off the West African coast, this small country is easy to explore by ferry or short flight. Santiago has Cidade Velha, a UNESCO site. Sal and Boa Vista have long beaches while Santo Antão has steep hiking trails. Portuguese and Creole are widely spoken, while English is common in tourist areas.
Land of a thousand hills
Umuganda is a day of community work held on the last Saturday of each month. Plastic bags are banned, so Kigali's streets are very clean. Many solo travellers join small gorilla trekking groups in Volcanoes National Park. Moto taxis are cheap. The Kigali Genocide Memorial explains the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi.
Turquoise Waters and Spice Perfume
Off the coast of Tanzania, this Indian Ocean island has white sand beaches and a historic Stone Town. Stone Town is a UNESCO site with narrow lanes, carved doors and night food markets. Dalla dalla minibuses and shared taxis are cheap ways to get between beaches. Dress modestly in town because most residents are Muslim.
Safari paradise meets coastal charm
Independent since 1963, this East African country has a long tradition of safari tourism. Solo travellers often join small group safaris to the Maasai Mara and Amboseli. Matatu minibuses and a growing rail line link Nairobi with Mombasa. The coast near Diani and Lamu has beaches and Swahili culture.
Where urban life meets wild adventures
At about 1,800 metres, this city has mild weather all year, with cool nights. Nairobi National Park is a short drive from the city centre and has lions and rhinos. The Giraffe Centre and the David Sheldrick elephant orphanage are easy half day trips. Use ride apps instead of walking at night.
A vibrant maze of colors and spices
Busy and colourful, this red walled city has a lively main square called Jemaa el Fnaa. Riads, which are traditional houses with courtyards, are a good base for solo travellers. Hawkers can be persistent, so a firm and polite no is useful. Day trips go to the Atlas Mountains and Ouzoud Falls.
Pristine beaches meet vibrant culture
With about 2,500 kilometres of Indian Ocean coastline, this country has long quiet beaches and warm water. Tofo is a relaxed beach town known for diving and whale sharks. Maputo has Portuguese era buildings, markets and seafood restaurants. Most solo travellers stay in the south, away from the conflict in Cabo Delgado.
Vibrant capital where history meets modernity
Founded in the 1880s by Emperor Menelik II, this highland capital hosts the African Union headquarters. At about 2,350 metres, it is among the world's highest capitals. The National Museum has a copy of Lucy, a fossil skeleton about 3.2 million years old. Coffee ceremonies are common in cafes and homes.
Blue Medina, Mountain Views, Calm Vibes
Mild spring and autumn days are the most comfortable time to walk the blue lanes of this Rif mountain town. Summers are hot, while winters are cool and often wet. The old medina is small and easy to navigate on foot. Many solo travellers stay in guesthouses with rooftop terraces.